Copyrights are intangible rights granted by the federal Copyright Act to authors or creators of original artistic or literary works that can be fixed in a tangible means of expression such as hard copies, electronic files, videos, or audio recordings.
Contracts are legally enforceable agreements between two or more parties to perform obligations resulting from bargained-for exchanges.
Consent decrees in educational disputes are negotiated equitable agreements between plaintiffs and defendants in elementary and secondary school settings and in higher education.
The evolution of the common law began when Henry II established a system of English royal courts in 1166. These courts employed juries and were presided over by circuit-riding judges.
The civil rights movement, a decades-long effort to win equitable treatment for African Americans and other groups underrepresented in American society, is described chronologically in this entry.
In the U.S. legal system, civil law is the branch of law concerning disputes between individuals and/or organizations, where a judgment can be the requirement of action, the cessation of action, and/or monetary payments from one party to another.
Although the concept of equal protection of the laws is not mentioned in the original U.S. Constitution as drafted and ratified, this idea has become an important constitutional concept, especially in the world of higher education.
Affording persons or organizations “due process” basically means to conduct legal proceedings with fairness in both content and procedure.
The theory of disparate impact, also known as “adverse impact,” allows challenges to employment or educational practices that are nondiscriminatory on their face but that have a disproportionately negative effect on members of legally protected groups.
Copyrights, a topic of considerable interest to faculty, staff, and students at institutions of higher learning, are intangible rights granted by the federal Copyright Act to authors or creators of original artistic or literary works that can be fixed in tangible media of expression such as hard copy, electronic files, videos, or audio recordings.
Conflict of interest, like its sibling conflict of commitment, is a complex and important branch of employee ethics in higher education that can have significant legal ramifications for individuals and institutions.
Conflict of commitment is a complex and controversial concept with potentially significant legal consequences that generally refers to those workrelated situations in which the outside activities of college and university employees interfere with the time and effort that they are supposed to be providing for their employers.
The courts have constantly refined the relationship between institutions of higher learning and their students since the nascence of American higher education.
The concept of academic freedom, although not enumerated in the First Amendment, is based on freedom of speech and applies generally to all levels of education.